Patients, Providers, and… Police? Clinical and ethical ambiguities related to Law Enforcement Presence in the Emergency Department

Dr. Kamna Balhara is an associate professor of emergency medicine (EM) at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and holds a dual appointment as associate professor in Medicine, Science, and the Humanities at the Johns Hopkins Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences. After obtaining a master’s degree in French Cultural Studies from Columbia University, she completed medical school and residency at Johns Hopkins, serving as chief resident. She served in residency program leadership at the University of Texas San Antonio and subsequently at Johns Hopkins.

Dr. Balhara is an innovator in the health humanities and has experience with implementing humanities curricula for medical students, residents, and faculty from across specialties. She is a founder and co-director of the Health Humanities at Hopkins EM initiative, which offers equity-focused and humanities-based programming to institution, community, and national audiences. She also directs a unique longitudinal interdisciplinary institution-wide health equity and humanities track for residents and fellows across Johns Hopkins, and directs the Health Humanities Fellowship. She has been invited to speak to international audiences on the humanities in medicine and was selected as a Harvard Macy Institute Art Museum-Based Health Professions Education Fellow.

Her scholarly interests revolve around equity and inclusion in clinical and learning environments. She has authored multiple publications on graduate medical education, humanities, social determinants of health, and disparities in health care access, and has developed tools and resources for other educators seeking to apply the humanities towards equity in health care and health professions education. Her work has been funded by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), the Josiah Macy Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the Emergency Medicine Foundation. She serves on the steering committee for the National Health Humanities Consortium, and is a member of the editorial board of the SAEM journal Academic Emergency Medicine.

Dr. Gipson received a BS in biomedical engineering with a concentration in biotechnology from Yale University and an MD from Case Western Reserve University with Honors with Distinction in Research. During medical school, she received an MPH in Health Management and Policy from the University of Michigan. She completed postgraduate training in emergency medicine (EM) at University Hospitals Case Medical Center and a Health Policy Fellowship at George Washington University. Dr. Gipson views her path through EM through the lens of diversity, inclusion, and health equity as forms of justice. She is committed to educational and workforce diversity and inclusivity and works to ensure that learners deliver care with cultural humility in an inclusive environment.

Dr. Utsha Khatri, is an Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. She has a secondary appointment at the Institute for Health Equity Research, Department of Population Health Science and Policy. As a health services researcher, Dr. Khatri is interested in improving access, outcomes, and equity with regard to the health and health care of structurally marginalized populations. Her ongoing projects focus on the health care of individuals and communities affected by mass incarceration and those affected by substance use disorders. Dr. Khatri practices clinically as an attending emergency physician at Mount Sinai Hospital and at Elmhurst Hospital. Her current work is supported by a career development award from the National Institute on Drug Abuse.